🇮🇳 Indian History
1987 – Goa Granted Statehood: Goa became the 25th state of India, transitioning from a Union Territory to a full-fledged state.
2012 – Viswanathan Anand Retains Chess Title: Indian Grandmaster Viswanathan Anand successfully defended his World Chess Championship title against Boris Gelfand.
1826 – First Hindi Newspaper Published: “Udant Martand,” the first Hindi-language newspaper, was published in Calcutta (now Kolkata), marking a significant development in Indian journalism
Historical Events
1431 – Joan of Arc Executed: The French heroine, who played a pivotal role in the Hundred Years’ War, was burned at the stake in Rouen, France, after being convicted of heresy and witchcraft.
1381 – Peasants’ Revolt in England: A major uprising led by Wat Tyler, driven by socio-economic grievances, including oppressive taxation and serfdom. The revolt briefly seized control of London before being suppressed.
1911 – First Indianapolis 500 Race: The inaugural 500-mile automobile race was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, marking the beginning of what would become one of the most prestigious events in motorsport.
1961 – Assassination of Rafael Trujillo: The long-standing dictator of the Dominican Republic was assassinated, leading to a brief period of instability in the country.
1967 – Proclamation of the Republic of Biafra: The Eastern Region of Nigeria declared independence, leading to the Nigerian Civil War, which lasted until 1970.
🧠 Scientific & Cultural Milestones
1971 – Launch of Mariner 9: NASA’s Mariner 9 became the first spacecraft to orbit Mars, providing groundbreaking data about the Martian surface.
2011 – Germany Abandons Nuclear Energy: In response to the Fukushima disaster, Germany decided to phase out nuclear energy, marking a significant shift in its energy policy.
